| 1. | Not all half reactions must be balanced with acid or base.
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| 2. | The same half reactions can also be balanced with base as listed below.
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| 3. | The main half reaction at the anode side is:
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| 4. | To add half reactions they must both be balanced with either acid or base.
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| 5. | By increasing the voltage, the anode half reaction is changed and ozone is produced.
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| 6. | Importantly, the membrane must not be electrically conductive so the half reactions do not mix.
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| 7. | This can be shown by the following two half reactions which occur at the two electrodes:
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| 8. | In order to calculate the standard potential one looks up copper and zinc's half reactions and finds:
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| 9. | The action of GR proceeds through two distinct half reactions, a reductive half mechanism followed by an oxidative half.
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| 10. | For example, half the water oxidation reaction is the reduction of protons to hydrogen, the subsequent half reaction.
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